Vietnam shares a border with China to the north, a relationship that has been both complex and consequential for centuries.

These two Asian giants have a long and intertwined history, marked by periods of cooperation and conflict.

China and Vietnam share deep cultural ties, with the spread of Confucianism, Buddhism, and Chinese writing systems deeply influencing Vietnamese society and governance over the centuries.

For much of its history, Vietnam was in fact a tributary state of the Chinese empire, paying homage and accepting a degree of Chinese suzerainty.

This dynamic shaped Vietnam's development, even as it maintained its distinct language, customs, and national identity. - https://vietnamfocusguide.com/blog/vietnam-border-neighbor/?unique_id_n3e1p8h5

"Neighboring Powers: Exploring the Intricate Vietnam-China Border Dynamic"